The EU Wildlife Trade Regulations (EU WTR) provide the framework for the implementation of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) in the EU. These regulations provide a set of measures to support EU Member States in the effective implementation of CITES, and also provide some “stricter domestic measures” that go beyond CITES requirements in order to put additional safeguards in place to ensure sustainability. One of the mechanisms that the EU can use to intervene when there are concerns over the sustainability of trade in CITES-listed species, as well as other species specifically protected by the EU Annexes, is the use of trade restrictions 1. To ensure that such measures are effective, it is important to understand their impacts on trade patterns and ultimately on the conservation status of the species. This is the fourth report in a series of reports that uses a novel methodology to investigate the impact of EU trade restrictions on trade patterns and that provide the evidencebase to inform future EU policy. While the EU also uses measures such as positive opinions, this analysis did not investigate these, nor interactions of EU trade restrictions with CITES trade restrictions. This report also investigates the awareness level of CITES Authorities of trading AFT DR partners with respect to the EU’s procedures for introducing (and removing) trade restrictions and summarises the findings from the previous three reports on the potential shifts in trade that Member States may wish to consider in relation to trade restrictions.